The LHCb VELO detector: design, operation and first results
A. Biolchini* on behalf of the LHCb VELO group
Pre-published on:
January 19, 2024
Published on:
March 21, 2024
Abstract
The LHCb detector is a single-arm spectrometer with a pseudorapidity range of 1.80 $< \eta < $ 4.91. The detector includes a high-precision tracking system consisting of a VErtex LOcator detector (VELO) surrounding the interaction region and two more system of trackers, placed upstream and downstream of the dipole magnet. LHCb underwent a major upgrade during the Long Shutdown~2 from 2019 to 2021. In order to increase the operational luminosity from $ 4 \times10^{-32}$ cm$^{-2}$s$^{-1}$ to $20 \times 10^{-32}$ cm$^{-2}$s$^{-1}$ and to remove the hardware level trigger to readout at full rate ($40$ MHz ). This article focuses on the design of the upgraded VELO and on few paramount commissioning steps such as equalisation procedure, time alignment and IV scans to assess radiation damage. Furthermore, it will cover one notable achievement: the closure of the VELO at the end of 2022 which led to the first mass peaks reconstruction (e.g. $D^0 \to K\pi$ peak). Finally, the RF-box incident happened in January 2023 will be discussed as well.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.22323/1.449.0544
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