The H.E.S.S. gamma-ray observatory has opened a window on our Galaxy at very high energies (VHEs) with resolutions and sensitivities never before possible, discovering a rich zoo of source classes as well as a number of yet to be identified VHE emitters.

The H.E.S.S. data set obtained after more than 14 years of observations, together with the advanced data analysis techniques developed in the last years, has allowed us to study the Galactic Centre region with unprecedented detail, to image supernova remnant shells with an exceptional precision and identify new shell candidates from VHE observations alone, to reveal the extreme properties of TeV emitting pulsar wind nebulae, to unveil the variable emission from pulsars and gamma-ray binaries, and to characterise the large-scale diffuse emission from the galactic plane. In this contribution we will present a summary of the new H.E.S.S. results on galactic sources, soon to be published as a Special Issue in Astronomy and Astrophysics, as well as the latest observations made by the second phase of the H.E.S.S. experiment, extending the energy range below 100 GeV and providing an excellent cross-over with the energy range seen by the Fermi satellite.