The Form of Sunspots in Cycle 24
Pre-published on:
September 22, 2022
Published on:
December 14, 2022
Abstract
The analysis of the shape of sunspots in the 24 cycle of activity was performed according to the observations of the SDO/HMI space observatory. The boundaries of sunspots were detected on images in a continuumTo study the connection of the shape of the spots with the magnetic field, the contours of the sunspots were combined with magnetograms. The analysis of the averaged forms of sunspots is carried out. It was found that sunspots, as a rule, have an ellipsoid shape, with the major axis of the ellipse, as a rule, elongated along longitude. The major axis of the ellipse has a predominant inclination to the equator, different in the northern and southern hemispheres. The angle of inclination of the sunspots corresponds to the angle of inclination of the magnetic bipoles of the sunspot groups. The eastern parts of individual sunspots are on average closer to the poles, and the western parts are closer to the equator. Such an elongated shape corresponds not only to the photosphere-penumbra boundary, but also of sunspots umbra.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.22323/1.425.0064
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